Manufacture of metal India
Production
Indium is produced from waste for the production of zinc, tin, lead, cadmium, copper, antimony, His separation is rather difficult occupation. Not the first stage it is a rough separation from associated metals: zinc, cadmium, and copper. The raw material is treated with a solution of sulfuric acid. By hydrolytic deposition by changing the acidity of the solution is concentrate. Precipitated cadmium hydroxide at pH 8, the hydroxide of copper and zinc, with 6. For «planting» InOH, should the acidity of the solution was brought to 4. «Rough indium» is recovered by cementation from concentrate aluminum and zinc, and «clean India» is produced by refining with the use of zone melting. The production of this metal is increasing annually, and in 2006 it reached 860 T.
Technical characteristics
The density of India at 20 °C is equal to of 7.31 g/cm3. It dissolves in nearly all acids. Resistant to alkaline solutions, able to withstand heat up to 800 °C, but after flashing flame violet-blue color with the formation of oxide.
| Description | The value |
|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | In |
| Atomic (molar) mass, g/mol | 114,818 |
| Oxidation | 3, 1 |
| Density [g/cm3] | Of 7.31 |
| The melting temperature t°C | 153°C |
| The heat of fusion kJ/mol | 3,24 |
| The thermal conductivity K [W/(m·K)] | 81,8 |
| Heat of evaporation kJ/mol | 225,1 |
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