Properties of clad sheets

The effect of full heat treatment includes the effect of hardening and aging effect. Different aluminum alloys the influence of quenching and aging on the strength of different.

Aging

This process, when the alloy after quenching without polymorphic transformation is the decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution. The phenomenon of aging of aluminum alloys was opened by the Wilm. He found that an alloy of aluminum with copper and magnesium, tempered at 500 °C in water, after four days of standing at room temperature became stronger and stronger, without losing ductility. When heated, the aging process accelerates. From duralumin alloys, the greatest effect of the heat treatment of the alloy D16. Aging, running at normal temperatures, adopted the term «natural aging» and aging in the special conditions of heating after quenching — «artificial aging». Structural transformations during aging need to be explained. The decomposition of the solid solution is usually in three stages. 1) Education coherent with the matrix, GP zones (by Guinier-Preston), 2) formation of partially coherent metastable phases, 3) the formation of incoherent particles of the stable phase. Some alloys will not age at room temperature and to ageing, require a special heater. Other alloys of the transition from natural to artificial aging (i.e., from zones to the phases) occurs at room temperature, however, at very long exposures.

Aging of aluminum

Naturally aged alloys of aluminum while maintaining ductility have less strength compared with the annealed alloys. The fact that at 20−100°C hardening occurs due to the formation of GP zones, while at higher temperatures there is a selection of metastable phase S' (stable S-Al2 CuMg). Further increase in temperature and the aging time leads to coagulation of metastable phases and loss of strength. In industrial production for the delivery and assessment of the quality of the alloy D16 is accelerated aging at 100 °C for several hours (not waiting the four days of the completion of the natural aging at room temperature). This is justified as in both cases a comparable process of aging and conditioning is achieved the same strength. This limits separation of the particles of metastable phases that reduce the corrosion resistance.

The strength of the clad sheets (transverse to rolling)
Alloy The state of the sheets The thickness of the sheets,
mm
σin σ 0,2 β, %
kgf/mm2
D1 Annealed 0,6−1,9 to 23 - 12
2,0−10,0 to 24 -
Hardened and naturally aged 0,5−1,9 37 19 15
2,0−10,0 38 20
D16 Annealed 0,5−1,9 to 23 - 10
2,0−10,0 to 24 -
Hardened and naturally aged 0,5−1,9 41,5 27,5 13
2,0−6,0 43,5 28 11
6,1 — 10,0 10
Cold-worked after quenching and naturally aged 1,5−1,9 43,5 34 10
2,0−7,5 46,5 35 8
Hardened and artificially aged 0,5−0,7 40,0 35 5
0,8−1,9 43,5 38
2,0−6,0 45,5 39
Cold-worked after quenching and artificially aged 1,5−1,9 46 43 3
2,0−6,0 49 46 4
D19 Annealed 0,5−1,9 to 23 - 10
2,0−10,0 to 24 -
Hardened and naturally aged 0,5−1,9 40,5 26,5 13
2,0−6,0 42,5 27 11
6,1 — 10,0 10
Cold-worked after quenching and natural aging 1,5−1,9 43,5 34 10
2,0−7,5 46,5 35 8

Note:
σв: temporary resistance, MPa (kgf/mm2)
σ0,2: yield strength, MPa (kgf/mm2)
β: the relative elongation in %

The strength of extruded bars
Grade Condition

when

the manufacture

Condition

when

test

Ø mm σin

σ0,2

not less than


β, %
MPa (kgf/mm2)
D1 Without heat treatment Without heat treatment 8−300 195 (20) 110 (11) 12
Tempered and naturally aged 8−130 375 (38) 215 (22)
130−300 355 (36) 195 (20) 10
Tempered and naturally aged Tempered and

of course

aged

8−100 375 (38) 215 (22) 12
D16 Without heat treatment Without heat treatment 8−300 245 (25) 120 (12)
Tempered and

of course

aged

8−22 390 (40) 275 (28) 10
22−130 420 (43) 295 (30)
130−300 410 (42) 275 (28) 8
300−400 390 (40) 245 (25) 6
Tempered and

of course

aged

Tempered and

of course

aged

8 — 22 390 (40) 275 (28) 10
22 — 100 420 (43) 296 (30)
The strength of the pipes in quenched and naturally aged condition
Alloy A method of manufacturing Parameters mm σin σ0,2 δ, %
Wall thickness Ø kgf/mm2
Not less than
D1 Extruded ≤5 - 34 - 10
≥5 ≤120 36 20 12
более120 38 22 10
Rolled and pulled to 1.0 ≤22 38 20 13
1,5−6 14
to 1.0 23−50 40 23 12
1,5−5 13
more than 5 more than 50 11
D19 Extruded ≤5
37 - 9
≥5 ≤120 40 26 12
более120 43 28 10
Rolled and pulled to 1.0 ≤22 42 26 13
1,5−5 14
≥5 23−50 43 29 12
50 10

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